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Bovista nigrescens
''Bovista nigrescens'', commonly referred to as the brown puffball or black bovist, is an edible cream white or brown puffball. Phylogenetic relationships between ''Bovista nigrescens'' and species of Lycoperdaceae were established based on ITS and LSU sequence data from north European taxa.
==Description==
The fruit body of ''Bovista nigrescens'' is 3–6 cm across. The roughly spherical fruit body is slightly pointed at the bottom. Although it lacks a sterile base, the fruit body is attached to the substrate by a single mycelial cord which often breaks, leaving the fruit body free to roll about in the wind. The outer wall is white at first, but soon flakes off in large scales at maturity to expose the dark purple-brown to blackish inner wall that encloses the spore mass.〔Calonge, F.D. (1998). Flora Mycologica Iberica. Vol. 3. Gasteromycetes, I. Lycoperdales, Nidulariales, Phallales, Sclerodermatales, Tulostomatales. J. Cramer: Berlin, Germany. 271 p.〕 These spores leave via an apical pore, which is caused by extensive splitting and cracking. The gleba is often dark purple-brown. The capillitium is highly branched with brown dendroid elements. Spores are brown and ovoid, with a diameter of 4.5–6 µm. They are thick-walled, and nearly smooth, with a central oil droplet, and a long, warted pedicel.〔A plain and easy account of the British fungi, with descriptions of the esculent and poisonous species, details of the principles of scientific classification, and a tabular arrangement of orders and genera. London, Hardwicke, 1871. pg 107, pg 95.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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